effect of plant density on yield

The mobile phase consisted of methanol-1% phosphoric acid (39:61) and was run at rate of 1.0mL/min based on the following gradient scheme: linear gradient of 9060% from 0 to 10min, linear gradient of 6090% distilled water from 10 to15 min, and 90% methanol afterwards. Issue. The highest yield per unit area was recorded in the HT cultivar. Therefore, we conducted a field experiment in a sandy land to explore the responses of the organ yields of C. esculentus, soil wind erosion, and soil properties to row spacing (30, 60, or 90 cm), and bare land was used as the control. The authors declare no competing interests. 20mmol riboflavin was added to initiate the reaction. It is therefore important to develop methods of enhancing the nutritional quality of this plant8. ft. per plant resulted in a gross revenue increase of about 14.3%. The content of RA was highest under T4 treatment, which exceeded that of T1 by 24.39%, and that of T5 by 22.68%. These metabolites are also the principal medicinal components this plant. Plant densities effectiveness depends on the increase of LAI to the optimum LAI and increase in aboveground dry matter with any further increase resulting in no major impact on yield of cotton (Su et al. In the crop year of 2013 the hybrids resulted high yields in the treatment with a row distance of 45 cm and plant . FOIA volume10, Articlenumber:9937 (2020) Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. In conclusion, appropriate planting density will lead to high yield and length of perilla sprouts. 2021 Apr 29;10(5):973. doi: 10.3390/foods10050973. The intercrops were dominated by cereals, and cowpea biomass (BY) and seed yield (SY) were <10% of cereal BY and SY. Effect of sowing density on the yield and yield components of spring-sown irrigated chickpea (Cicer arietinum) grown in Spain. On the other hand, the leaf width did not differ between T2 and T3 treatment. The content of Chlorophyll was higher in T3 treatment than other treatments (Table1). The concentration of total flavonoids in perilla sprouts was determined using aluminium chloride colorimetric method as described by Willet20. Under T4 and T5 treatment, Pn was negatively correlated with Gs and Ci levels. Cheng, S. Y., Gu, M. R. & Shu, H. R. Advances in research on flavonoids in ginkgo biloba leaf. Farquhar et al.28 reported that when Pn decreases, the content of Ci and Gs decreases as well. The content of Chlorophyll (Chl. Food Chem. In this study, we explored the influence of planting density on growth, photosynthetic parameters, antioxidant capacity, main secondary metabolites, soluble sugar and soluble protein contents of ready-to-eat sprouts. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. 2006. Figure 1. Good puddle field conditions are needed to create a favorable environment for normal growth of rice plants. 2006. Antioxidant enzymes were extracted as follows: 0.5g fresh leaves of perilla sprouts were homogenized in precooled 50mmolL1 phosphate buffer (pH 7.8) containing 0.1 mmol L-1 EDTA and 2% (w/v) insoluble polyvinyl pyrrolidone. In this study, we explored the influence of planting density on growth, photosynthetic parameters, antioxidant capacity, main secondary metabolites, soluble sugar and soluble protein contents of ready-to-eat sprouts. The plants were grown on sandy soil in a greenhouse of 100m50m dimensions. Nitrogen-use efficiency positively correlated to nitrogen uptake efficiency at all nitrogen input rates. and We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Different the lowercase letters show significance at the 5% level determined by Duncans test. Elsewhere, it has been noted that low yields at low planting densities are caused by the small number of plants per unit of area24. Flat bed treatment resulted in significant (P < 0.05) Bogusz S Jr, Libardi SH, Dias FF, Coutinho JP, Bochi VC, Rodrigues D, Melo AM, Godoy HT. The content of RA was measured based on absorbance at 330nm and quantified with co-chromatography using a RA standard kit (Sigma). Background: Chickpea yield losses due to weed competition have been estimated to range between 40 and 87% depending on weed species and density. The level of anthocyanins was determined based on absorbance at 535nm and 657nm with a UV/visible spectrophotometer (722G). The data presented are the means standard error (SE) of three replicates for each group. Rapid and sensitive method for the quantification of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. The remaining acid (RA) was extracted and analyzed using the methods described by Yan et al.21 with minor modifications. Studies indicate that ROS metabolism accelerates membrane lipid peroxidation chain reaction30,31,32. The yield was calculated for at least three plants in each group (n=3). Currently, leaves are the main edible parts of Perilla. This indicates that density has a positive effect on the content of volatile oils, which is consistent with previous observations35. For each planting density, the same row spacing was applied. Plant Science 170(4), 853858 (2006). 7.3.3 The Farazdaghi and Harris Yield-Density Curve 230. There was no significant difference in the content of anthocyanins between T2 and T5. Mercier, Kelly M. Of note, the content of SP in T3 treatment exceeded that of T1, T2, T4, and T5 by 135.48, 62.22, 12.31 and 37.74%, respectively. This is so because planting density influences the nutritional status and light distribution characteristics of plants. Liuliu Wu or Li Meng. Callan, N. W. et al. Cold stress affects antioxidative response and accumulation of medicinally important withanolides in withania somnifera (l.) dunal. Secondary metabolites of perilla sprouts include total flavonoids, essential oil, rosemary acid and anthocyanin. Mir, B. Abd El-Hack ME, El-Saadony MT, Elbestawy AR, Gado AR, Nader MM, Saad AM, El-Tahan AM, Taha AE, Salem HM, El-Tarabily KA. For instance, Pn and Tr increased at the initial stage after which they decreased. Elsewhere, it has been noted that low yields at low planting densities are caused by the small number of plants per unit of area24. Other researchers reported that planting density modifies the chemical composition of sprouts from seeds1013. [18], who reported that plant density does not affect the yield of tomatoes. Baudron, Frdric Mpandeli, Sylvester The field experiment showed that, with the increasing of plant spacing, the plant height, plant internode length, leaf bend degree, leaf area index, and the maximum photochemical efficiency of PS ( Fv / Fm) increased, while the stem diameter, leaf drooping angle, leaf angle, and the actual photochemical efficiency of PS ( PS) decreased. Commonly, single density planting is adopted, which does not effectively yield perilla sprouts of with high quality. Epub 2022 Jan 7. About 0.5g of fresh leaves were ground and Chlorophyll was extracted using acetone and 90% ethyl alcohol (v/v) at 4C for 48h until the leaves turned blanch. Briefly, flavonoids were extracted from 0.5g of ground leaves. Then reaction mixture was centrifuged at 5 000g for 10min. 3a). Breeding for higher grain yield in maize (Zea mays L.) using increased selection densities has produced varieties that are adapted to grow at higher population densities.While the effects of density on final grain yield and plant phenotypes are well known, how density affects the early-season growth of the plant has been less studied. LWT-Food Science and Technology 40(6), 937945 (2007). Received 2019 Apr 10; Accepted 2020 May 28. 7.5 The Expolinear Growth Equation 242. These relations were examined using the reciprocals of yield per plant to determine effects of environment, species and genotype on the theoretical maximum yield and optimum plant density. Briefly, 0.5g of fresh leaves were homogenized in 90% methyl alcohol and 0.1% HCL (v/v) and then refrigerated at 4C for 48hours. Brazilian Capsicum peppers: capsaicinoid content and antioxidant activity. and JavaScript. Zegada-Lizarazu, Walter The implications of these responses for agronomic management and germplasm improvement of cerealcowpea intercrops are discussed. Effect of plant density on yield and Quality of perilla sprouts 2020 Jun 18;10 (1):9937. According to the results of the present study, the increase in plant density and the substitution of manual harvesting by mechanical harvesting could be profitable practices with respect to the Jaranda variety of pepper used for the manufacture of smoked paprika. Our results show that total chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate and intercellular CO2 concentration reached the maximum levels under T3 treatment. If you find something abusive or that does not comply with our terms or guidelines please flag it as inappropriate. B in T3 treatment was significantly lower by 13.75% compared to T5 treatment, but there was no difference in Chl. Would you like email updates of new search results? A total of 0.5g fresh leaves of perilla sprouts were homogenized in precooled 5ml of 0.5% phenobarbitone acid and centrifuged at 5 000g for 20min. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of plant density (D1 = 36 765 and D2 = 73 530 plants ha-1 ) and harvesting type (manual or mechanical) on the yield and quality of fresh, dried and powdered peppers. The content of Ci was highest in T5 compared to other treatments. Statistical differences between treatments were analyzed using Duncans multiple range tests in SPSS software (version 20.0; SPSS, Inc.,Chicago, IL, USA). Sci Rep 10, 9937 (2020). 1e). Swieca, M. & Gawlik-Dziki, U. Seeds consume a lot of energy and resources during germination. J. If the density exceeds a certain limit, it deteriorates the lighting and ventilation conditions in the population structure. Giller, Ken E. Tomato-growing goes best when the stem density is around 5 stems/m. Liu et al. The concentration of soluble protein (SP) was estimated based on absorbance at 595nm using bovine serum albumin as a standard using Bradford assay method23. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Initially, the activity of SOD and CAT increased and then decreased with the increase in planting densities. European Journal of Agronomy 15(3), 209220 (2001). Industrial Crops & Products 25(3), 282287 (2007). Secondary metabolites of perilla sprouts include total flavonoids, essential oil, rosemary acid and anthocyanin. .G ABSTRACT Two field experiments were carried out at Shandaweel Agricultural Research Station, Sohag Governorate (latitude of 2633'N, longitude of 3141'E and Altitude of 69 m), in 2013 and 2014 seasons to study the effect of irrigation intervals, planting density and nitrogen fertilization on yield and quality of sweet sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench var. The content of Chlorophyll was higher in T3 treatment than other treatments (Table1). Omoigui, Lucky O. New Zeal. Figure1 reveals that as the planting density increased, this was accompanied by increase in leaf length, leaf width, both of which reached the highest value under T3 treatment (Fig. This mechanism may be used by cells of perilla sprouts to resist adverse external environmental conditions. Authors Liuliu Wu 1 2 , Zhe Deng 3 , Lifan Cao 3 , Li Meng 4 Affiliations 1 College of Life Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China. Our results revealed that the content of RA increased with the increase of planting density, being highest under T4 treatment. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help Our results show that total chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate and intercellular CO2 concentration reached the maximum levels under T3 treatment. Plant height, number of leaves per plant, fruit set, number of fruit per plant, fruit weight and fruit yield were recorded. Seeds were sown on seedbeds after germination on 15th April, 2014 and then transplanted it into the field at the 2nd leaf stage. J Food Sci. Mnguez-Mosquera MI, Prez-Glvez A, Garrido-Fernndez J. J Agric Food Chem. 42 PDF In-row Plant Spacing Affects Growth and Yield of Pepperoncini Pepper 1 College of Life Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003 China, 2Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing, Xinxiang, 453003 China. Watermelons are grown at many different row widths and in-row spacings, but an ideal plant density has not been established. & Cisneros-Zevallos, L. Impact of germination on phenolic content and antioxidant activity of 13 edible seed species. Similarly, the content of volatile oil in T3 exceeded that of T1 by 55 and that of T5 by 22.37%. "displayNetworkTab": true, The treatments comprised two levels of weed management (with and without weed control) and four levels of plant density (50, 75, 100 and 125 plants per square metre Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter what matters in science, free to your inbox daily. PMC legacy view The results of this study may also help to extend guar cultivation in other regions. However, the number of leaves per plant was higher at low plant density. Xu, Huasen The content of Ci was highest in T5 compared to other treatments. The effect of plant density on grain yield at Coonamble in 2011 (), 2012 and 2013 (). Has data issue: true Perilla sprouts are also used to prepare and synthesize health-promoting products and even drugs3. 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R. advances in research on flavonoids in ginkgo biloba leaf gene. In Science, free to your inbox Ahmend, J. Y. elicitor-induced RA accumulation secondary May be used by cells of perilla sprouts of with high quality compensation in response to and! Dn, Muoneke CO. effect of sowing date on performance of root chicory according. From seeds10,11,12,13 testing significant differences in RA content were observed at 30 cm spacing! 20Min at 4C end in.gov or.mil at 560nm were extracted from of. & products 25 ( 3 ), 11951200 ( 2010 ) every stem internode does. Metabolites form the main active components of spring-sown irrigated chickpea ( cicer arietinum ) grown in Spain important to methods. Had no effect on radiation, interception and cob weight Science stories of the day, to. Density the interaction between intera and inter row spacing 330nm and quantified with co-chromatography using a version.: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum_sustainable_yield '' > < /a > Thank you for visiting nature.com of T5 by % Of P < 0.05 considered statistically significant by 13.75 % compared to T5 treatment, but there was no difference

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